Articles and analysis

Introduction Kyrgyzstan gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 but has remained closely intertwined with Russia’s geopolitical orbit. Over three decades, Bishkek and Moscow have built an extensive partnership …

Introduction Tajikistan’s relationship with Russia has been tightly interwoven across politics, economics, and security since the Soviet collapse. Civil war, fragile institutions, and geography made Moscow the decisive external actor …

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Armenia has maintained one of the closest relationships with Russia among the former Soviet republics. This bond was rooted in security …

Introduction Uzbekistan’s relationship with Russia since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 has evolved through phases of strategic partnership, cautious distancing, and pragmatic re-engagement. Over three decades, Tashkent …

Introduction Since independence in 1991, Azerbaijan has managed relations with Russia through a disciplined blend of accommodation and autonomy. The asymmetry is obvious: Russia is an important power with deep …

Key Points: On August 22, Turkey broke ground on a new railway which will connect Kars with Azerbaijan via the planned passing through Armenia. The 224-kilometer railway will cost $2.4 …

Introduction Since the Islamic Revolution of the late 1970s, Iran’s foreign policy has often been shaped by Western sanctions and political isolation, firmly limiting its regional influence. Nonetheless, Iran retains …

Document legend:Important treatiesShared treaties between Armenia, Azerbaijan and GeorgiaAdditional information EU and Armenia: EU and Azerbaijan: EU and Georgia: Article written by Emilien Renard and Adelina Drauschke, Interns and Research …

Introduction Corridors occupy a unique place in international relations, embodying the intersection of customs administration, territorial complexity, and security dynamics. Studying how corridors function worldwide provides practical insights to often …

Abstract In 2026 Armenia will be the host nation for the 17th Conference of the Parties (COP) Biodiversity summit, building on previous summits in Montreal (COP15) and Cali (COP16). Based …